It’s a common question we get—“Is it called buffalo meat or bison meat?” And it’s a fair one. Walk into some stores or browse online listings, and you’ll find both terms used interchangeably. But when it comes to what’s actually in the package, the label can be a little more complicated than people realize.
TL;DR
In the U.S., “bison meat” refers specifically to meat from North American Bison, while the term “buffalo” can refer to either bison or imported water buffalo. Because labeling laws don’t require a clear distinction, it’s best to look for meat that specifically says North American Bison to ensure you’re getting what you think you’re buying.
The Short Answer
In the United States, the proper term for meat that comes from North American Bison is bison meat. However, the term buffalo is widely used as a colloquial synonym—even though it’s technically incorrect when referring to North American species.
And here’s where it gets tricky: the label “buffalo meat” can also legally refer to meat from water buffalo, a different species altogether that’s primarily raised in India, Southeast Asia, and parts of Europe. So if you’re not paying attention to where your meat is coming from, you could end up buying a product that’s very different from what you intended.
Bison vs. Buffalo: A Naming Confusion
The animal that once roamed the Great Plains by the millions—and is now responsibly raised across the U.S.—is Bison bison, also known as the American Bison. But early European settlers referred to them as “buffalo,” and the name stuck in popular language.
That’s why you still see bison products called buffalo burgers, buffalo jerky, or buffalo steaks. At Black Mountain Bison, we’re fine with folks using the term “buffalo” in conversation—as long as they know they’re talking about American Bison.
Water buffalo, on the other hand, are domesticated livestock used for milk and meat production in parts of Asia and Europe. The meat from water buffalo is darker, coarser, and can be tougher and gamier in flavor. It is also typically cheaper. Some imported products labeled “buffalo” meat in the U.S. come from water buffalo, not bison.
Why the Distinction Matters
U.S. labeling laws do not require retailers to clearly identify whether “buffalo” meat comes from water buffalo or American bison. So when you see a package labeled buffalo unless it specifically says North American Bison, there’s a chance you’re getting water buffalo instead.
This matters not just for flavor and texture, but for nutrition, sustainability, and traceability. Bison raised in the U.S. are subject to strict handling, processing, and inspection standards. At Black Mountain Bison, we take pride in offering premium, pasture-raised American Bison—nothing imported, nothing questionable.
So, What Should You Look For?
If you want the meat from a North American Bison, look for labels that say exactly that:
- “Bison”
- “North American Bison”
- “American Bison”
- “Bison bison”
Avoid vague labeling like:
- “Buffalo Meat” with no country of origin
- “Buffalo” without any additional information
- Imported meats labeled as “buffalo” from countries outside North America
Still Confused? Let’s Clear It Up
We’ve covered this topic in more detail in our article Buffalo Meat vs. Cow Meat: A Comprehensive Comparison. It breaks down nutritional differences, flavor profiles, and other key points between bison and beef—but also reinforces why it’s important to know what buffalo really means on a label.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Q: Are bison and buffalo the same animal?
A: No. In the U.S., “buffalo” is a common nickname for the American Bison, but true buffalo are different animals like the water buffalo found in Asia and Africa.
Q: Is there a difference between bison meat and buffalo meat?
A: If you’re talking about American Bison, no. But if the meat is from water buffalo, yes—there are differences in flavor, texture, and nutritional profile.
Q: Why is “buffalo” still used on packaging?
A: It’s a historical nickname that stuck. Many people still associate the term “buffalo” with American Bison, so marketers use it to appeal to familiarity—even though it creates confusion.
Q: Can imported buffalo meat be sold in the U.S. as bison?
A: No. Water buffalo meat cannot be labeled as “bison.” But it can be sold as “buffalo meat,” which is why reading the label carefully is so important.
Q: What should I look for to make sure I’m buying American Bison?
A: Look for clear labeling that says “North American Bison” or “Bison bison.” If it just says “buffalo,” check the origin and seller’s reputation.